refs

content/analysis_11c-methionine.html

 ---
 title: Analysis of [C-11]methionine
 author: Vesa Oikonen
-updated_at: 2023-02-13
+updated_at: 2023-09-22
 created_at: 2017-06-27
 tags:
   - Amino acid
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ tags:
 Methionine is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cysteine, carnitine, taurine, and phospholipids. 
 It is used in <a href="target_protein_synthesis.html">protein synthesis</a>, and as 
 S-adenosyl-L-methionine in enzymatic transmethylation reactions. When S-adenosylmethione has lost 
-its methyl group, the resulting S-adenosylhomocusteine may be converted to homocysteine. 
+its methyl group, the resulting S-adenosylhomocysteine may be converted to homocysteine. 
 Homocysteine can be used to regenerate methionine or cysteine, the only other sulphur-containing 
 amino acid.</p>
 
@@ -63,6 +63,9 @@ uterine carcinoma
 (<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8523104">Lapela et al., 1995</a>).
 L-[<sup>11</sup>C]methionine can also detect <a href="./target_inflammation.html">inflammation</a>, 
 because L-methionine may accumulate in tissues with active inflammation and during tissue repair.
+Locally broken blood-brain barrier, increased perfusion, and inflammatory cells may lead to 
+increased L-[<sup>11</sup>C]methionine uptake in brain infarction, haematoma, radiation necrosis,
+and infection (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11604-017-0638-7">Nakajima et al., 2017</a>).
 When both <a href="./analysis_18f-fdg.html">[<sup>18</sup>F]FDG</a> and [<sup>11</sup>C]methionine 
 PET are performed, then accumulation of both in a lesion indicates high-grade malignancy; 
 accumulation of only methionine indicates low-grade malignancy; and accumulation of only FDG 

content/dis_ms.html

 ---
 title: Multiple Sclerosis
 author: Vesa Oikonen
-updated_at: 2023-09-13
+updated_at: 2023-09-22
 created_at: 2017-11-16
 tags:
   - Multiple sclerosis
@@ -93,7 +93,11 @@ and demyelinating diseases
 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/0271678X20911469">Kato et al., 2021</a>).
 <a href="./analysis_18f-fdg.html">[<sup>18</sup>F]FDG</a> may not be optimal for studying
 acute (hyper-metabolism) or chronic (hypometabolism) white matter lesions because of
-high <a href="./glucose.html">glucose</a> consumption of the brain.</p>
+high <a href="./glucose.html">glucose</a> consumption of the brain.
+Amino acid uptake may be somewhat increased in MS lesions
+(<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2016.07.016">Tarkkonen et al., 2016</a>; 
+<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11604-017-0638-7">Nakajima et al., 2017</a>; 
+<a href="https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1750012">Tomura et al., 2022</a>).</p>
 
 <p>The reversible clinical deficits in MS are caused by decreased number of Na<sup>+</sup>
 channels in the demyelinated <a href="./organ_brain.html#neuron">axons</a>. 
@@ -293,5 +297,10 @@ tomography and diffusion tensor imaging study.
 <em>Annales Universitatis Turkuensis</em>, 
 <a href="http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-951-29-8485-5">D1557</a>, 2021.</p>
 
+<p>van der Weijden CWJ., Meilof JF, de Vries EFJ. (2021). PET Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis. 
+<em>In:</em> Dierckx RAJO, Otte A, de Vries EFJ, van Waarde A, Leenders KL (eds) 
+<em>PET and SPECT in Neurology</em>. Springer, Cham. 
+doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53168-3_33">10.1007/978-3-030-53168-3_33</a>.</p>
+
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